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Bed Bug Training at INELP with Jean-Michel Bérenger: Expertise and In-Depth Study

On February 19-20, 2025, we participated in the “Pest Risk Management: Bed Bugs” training course led by Jean-Michel Bérenger at INELP (National Institute for the Study and Control of Bed Bugs) in Toulouse. This training strengthened our expertise in the prevention, detection, and control of bed bugs, a growing scourge affecting many sectors, including hospitality, collective housing, and transportation.

Training objectives: Mastering bed bug control

Effectively combating bed bugs requires an in-depth understanding of these pests and the most effective techniques for their eradication. The training aimed to:

✅ Identify bed bugs and distinguish them from other insects
✅ Understand their biology, behavior, and modes of propagation
✅ Learn about existing control methods, from chemical treatments to natural solutions
✅ Implement an integrated pest management strategy adapted to different infestation levels

Skills assessed and enhanced

At the end of the training, we were able to deepen our knowledge in:

✔️ Recognizing bed bugs and analyzing their environmental impact
✔️ Assessing the degree of infestation and identifying signs of presence
✔️ Implementing appropriate control techniques based on the diagnosis
✔️ Mastering existing solutions and treatments for sustainable eradication

INELP: A leading institute in bed bug control

INELP is an independent organization founded by bed bug experts who have combined their knowledge to offer high-level training programs. It supports professionals in identifying infestations and applying proven protocols for effective and lasting control of these pests.

An enriching and hands-on training

Beyond theoretical knowledge on bed bug biology, detection methods, and existing treatments, this training was enriched with numerous practical cases and real-world feedback. Jean-Michel Bérenger, with his expertise and field anecdotes, provided invaluable insights to participants, including 3D technicians, association representatives, and canine detection experts from ECO-FLAIR.

We extend our sincere thanks to:

🛑 Jean-Michel Bérenger, medical entomologist at IHU Méditerranée Infection, director of the Insect Diagnostic Laboratory, and a recognized expert in bed bug research and control for over 12 years
🛑 Marie Effroy, director of ECO-FLAIR and president of INELP, for her warm welcome at the ECO-FLAIR premises and the canine detection demonstrations

A must-have training for professionals and specialized laboratories

We highly recommend this training for:

🔹 Laboratories developing solutions against bed bugs
🔹 3D professionals (Rodent Control, Pest Control, Disinfection)
🔹 Experts in canine detection and diagnostics
🔹 Hoteliers, landlords, and collective housing managers

Thanks to this training, we strengthen our expertise at Sereni-d® and reaffirm our commitment to developing natural, effective, and sustainable solutions against bed bugs.

📢 Discover our range at www.sereni-d.com to learn more about our bed bug solutions.

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Bed bugs and pets: what you need to know

chien qui dort

Bed bugs feed on human blood, but can they also bite our pets? Should dogs and cats be afraid of these pests? What are the right steps to take? Serenid answers all your questions on the subject. Let’s go.

⚠️ Important: This article is for information purposes only and is not a substitute for veterinary advice.

Can bed bugs attack animals?

Bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) feed mainly on human blood.

It is difficult for a bed bug to move through the hair of our domestic companions (the same goes for humans, bites do not occur in the hair). Moreover, bed bugs wait for the host to be still to feed, which is more complicated with animals that move much more.

➡️ Read also: The causes of bed bug infestation

Bed bugs in dogs

Bed bugs do not settle directly on a dog’s coat like fleas or ticks would. However, if they do not have access to a human host, they can bite a dog, especially in bald areas such as the stomach, the inside of the legs or the ears.

  • Clean its environment: Wash its blankets, cushions, baskets, toys and any other fabric items at 60°C to eliminate bedbugs and their eggs.
  • Vacuum thoroughly: Vacuum its basket, carpets and areas where it usually sleeps. Immediately dispose of the vacuum cleaner bag in an airtight bin.
  • Treat bites: Wash the bitten area with lukewarm water and mild soap. Apply a soothing cream or a suitable veterinary product, as advised by your vet.
  • Protect your dog: During anti-bedbug treatments in your home, keep your pet away to avoid any exposure to chemicals or hazardous residues.

Bed bugs in cats

As with dogs, cats can also be bitten by bed bugs, although this is rare. Thanks to their dense fur, bed bugs find it more difficult to reach their skin. They therefore target less hairy areas such as:

  • The inside of the legs
  • The abdomen
  • EarsBed bugs in cats
  • Wash its environment: Machine wash its blankets, cushions and all textiles at 60°C or put them in the dryer at a high temperature to eliminate bedbugs and their eggs.
  • Change its litter regularly
  • Vacuum frequently-used areas: Vacuum its basket, cat tree, carpets and sofas. Empty the bag and dispose of it immediately in an airtight bin.
  • Monitor its behaviour: If your cat is scratching excessively or showing signs of stress, consult a vet.
  • Protect your cat: During a bed bug treatment, keep your cat away from the treated areas to avoid exposure to chemical insecticides that are harmful to its health.

➡️ To go further: The complete protocol against bed bugs.

Bed bugs in birds

Bed bugs can also bite domestic birds such as chickens, although this is very rare. The most exposed areas are the parts of the body without feathers, such as the legs or around the eyes.

A bitten bird may show:

  • Unusual agitation
  • Swelling of the skin
  • Lesions on the legs
  • Ruffled plumage
  • Weight loss due to stress and bites

Bed bugs can hide in birdhouses, litter, cages, under perches or in the corners of the room where the bird lives.

Good to know: Bird nests can be a source of bed bug contamination

  • Change the litter regularly
  • Inspect the bottom and surroundings of the cage every day
  • Remove accessories from the cage: branches, etc.
  • Wash the cage
  • Apply a treatment specifically for bed bugs

Bed bugs in reptiles

Bed bugs do not generally attack reptiles (snakes, turtles, lizards), as they do not provide ideal feeding conditions. These parasites prefer warm-blooded mammals, such as humans and pets.

However, in the event of severe infestation, bed bugs may seek refuge in terrariums/vivariums or under accessories such as heating pads and reptile hiding places.

  • Clean and disinfect the terrarium regularly
  • Check every nook and cranny and cracks where bugs could be hiding
  • Avoid using chemical insecticides that are harmful to reptiles (move them in case of treatment)

How can you recognise bed bug bites on a pet?

1. Appearance of the bites

  • Small red or swollen bumps, often grouped in a line or cluster.
  • Itching and irritation, more pronounced in sensitive animals.
  • Affected areas: stomach, ears, muzzle, legs, areas with little hair.

➡️ Read also: Everything you need to know about bed bug bites.

2. Behavioural changes

  • The animal scratches, nibbles or rubs itself more than usual.
  • It shows signs of discomfort or restlessness, especially at night.
  • Loss of appetite or unusual fatigue in case of severe irritation.

3. Differentiating bed bug bites from other parasites

  • Fleas: Bites often scattered, intense itching and presence of small black dots (flea droppings) in the coat.
  • Ticks: A single swollen lump with a tick attached to the skin.
  • Lice: Rarer, more likely in farms and kennels.

Are bed bug bites dangerous for pets?

However, their (rare) bites can cause various problems for dogs, cats, birds and other pets:

  • Irritation and itching
  • Allergic reactions
  • Stress and behavioural disorders
  • Mild anaemia in fragile animals

How can you relieve bed bug bites on your pet?

To soothe itching and prevent infection in your pet, here are the steps to take:

1. Clean your pet’s skin and coat.

  • Gently wash the affected area with lukewarm water and mild soap suitable for animals.
  • Dry the skin thoroughly to avoid maceration, especially in long-haired animals.

2. Apply a soothing treatment

  • Use a specific soothing lotion for animals (based on aloe vera, calendula or camomile).
  • You can also apply a cold water compress to relieve irritation.

3. Prevent your pet from scratching too much

.

  • Trim your pet’s claws to limit injuries caused by scratching.
  • For cats and dogs, a collar or a collar may be useful if licking is excessive.
  • Consult a vet if necessary!

Are chemical bed bug treatments dangerous for pets?

Paris, France, le 27 septembre 2023. Philippe désinfecte un appartement de ses punaises de lit. photo : LP / Olivier Corsan

Yes, chemical bed bug treatments can be toxic to pets. Many insecticides used to eradicate these pests contain substances that are harmful to dogs, cats, birds and reptiles.

Above all, ask for advice from the professional who treats your home. They will be able to give you specific instructions: airing, washing at a high temperature, etc.

Opt for natural solutions

Chemical treatments should be a last resort and only used in the event of a serious infestation.

Above all, opt for natural treatments such as diatomaceous earth, anti-bug covers or high-temperature dry steam, which are safe for animals.

Dogs: a formidable weapon for detecting bed bugs

Détection canine
Détection canine

Thanks to their highly developed sense of smell, dog bed bug detectors are one of the most reliable ways to detect an infestation. In a few minutes, they are able to pinpoint the presence of these pests, even in hard-to-reach places such as mattresses, skirting boards or cracks.

Used by pest control experts, these specially trained dogs enable a quick and effective diagnosis, thus avoiding unnecessary treatments and directly targeting the infested areas. An effective solution to act quickly and limit the spread of bed bugs!

FAQ

Do animals transmit bed bugs to humans?

No, bedbugs do not live on animals and do not cling to their fur like fleas or ticks. They prefer fixed places (mattresses, skirting boards, nooks and crannies, etc.) to hide and wait for their blood meal.

What is the natural predator of bedbugs?

Skull crickets, geckos and certain beetles are predators of bed bugs. However, their presence in a house does not completely eliminate the infestation.

Can bed bugs hide in animal bedding?

No, bedbugs prefer dry, smooth surfaces such as mattresses, box springs and cracks in furniture. Your pet’s bedding is therefore not a favourable place for them to infest.

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Bed bug marks and spots: recognising them and the treatments to be applied

Do you have suspicious marks and stains in your bedding? Feces near the skirting boards? You may have bed bugs in your home. We don’t need to remind you, but this little pest, also known as ‘Cimex lectularius’, is often very difficult to live with on a daily basis. Early detection is therefore essential to avoid any proliferation. Here’s a practical guide to identifying the different types of marks and stains and spotting the presence of bed bugs in your home. You’ll also find a list of effective treatments for eradicating them.

How can you recognise traces of bed bugs?

Bed bug droppings and excrement

Bed bug droppings are one of the most telling signs of an infestation. These harmful insects feed exclusively on human blood, and their excrement, composed of digested blood residue, leaves characteristic traces.

Here’s how to identify them:

  • Appearance: Droppings appear in the form of small black or brown spots, similar to ink blots. They are usually clustered near areas where bedbugs hide: mattresses, box springs, the seams of sheets or skirting boards.
  • Location: Look for these marks around mattress seams, on pillows, in the crevices of the box spring, or on furniture close to the bed. These stains can also be found on walls or behind the headboard.
  • Texture: Excrement is dry and spreads slightly when rubbed with a damp cloth, leaving a brownish mark.

The droppings are often accompanied by dead bedbug skins or whitish eggs. These are very revealing signs of an infestation.

Practical tip: If you find these marks, don’t ignore them. Vacuum the affected areas immediately, then use a high-temperature steam cleaner (minimum 100°C) to decontaminate thoroughly, and apply our FREEZE aerosol.

➡️ To find out more: The complete bed bugs protocol.

Traces of blood on bedding

At night, if you move around while you’re asleep, it’s common to crush bedbugs that are full of blood after their meal.

What’s more, a bedbug can absorb up to twice its own weight. When it has eaten too much, it can leave a trail of blood behind.

How do you clean bloodstains from bedding?

  1. Act quickly: As soon as you spot a stain, treat it immediately before it dries, as fresh stains are easier to remove.
  2. Use cold water: Soak the affected area in cold water. Avoid hot water, which can set the stain.
  3. Apply bicarbonate of soda: Prepare a paste with bicarbonate of soda and a little water, apply it to the stain and leave for 30 minutes before rinsing.
  4. Mild soap or stain remover: Apply a mild soap or stain remover specifically for blood stains (such as percarbonate-based products). Scrub gently with a soft bristle brush.
  5. Wash at high temperature: Put stained clothes in the washing machine at 60°C to remove all traces of stain and reduce the risk of parasites spreading.
  6. Natural option: You can also use white vinegar or lemon juice.

Use a bed bugs with mattress cover

You can protect your bedding with a special bed bugs with mattress cover. Similar to an anti-dust mite cover, it’s made from a multi-layered non-woven fabric. It forms a total barrier against bed bugs trapped inside. Some covers guarantee a micron-level seal for total protection.

Other signs of infestation

Bites and pimples

How can you recognise bed bug bites?

Bites are often concentrated in areas uncovered during sleep, such as the arms, legs, neck and face.

The itching and redness may persist for several days, or even a week, depending on the person’s sensitivity.

➡️ For more information: Bed bug bites: recognising and treating them.

No visible stings?

Bites alone are not always enough to confirm an infestation. They need to be cross-checked with other clues, such as traces of blood on bedding, droppings or bed bug eggs in the nooks and crannies of the bedroom.

Difference from other insect bites

  • Mosquitoes: Mosquito bites are often isolated and larger, with immediate itching.
  • Fleas: Fleas generally bite around the ankles and leave slightly raised spots.
  • Mites: They cause diffuse redness, accompanied by constant irritation, rather than well-defined pimples.
  • Pyemotes and scleroderms: These insects can also cause red pimples, but their bites are less frequent and occur on contact with infested textiles or grain.

What should you do if you are bitten by bed bugs?

  • Do not scratch to avoid aggravating the itching or causing an infection
  • Apply a soothing roll-on such as ROLL ON Serenid
  • Wash the area with warm water and mild soap
  • Consult a doctor if necessary

➡️ See also: How can you relieve bed bug bites?

Bed bug eggs

Bed bug eggs and moults are clear signs of an infestation in your home. These traces are often left in places where bedbugs hide between their blood meals, such as bedding, cracks and dark nooks and crannies.

How can you recognise bed bug eggs?

  • Size and appearance: Bed bug eggs measure around 1 millimetre, are white or translucent in colour and have an elongated, slightly oval shape. They look like small grains of rice.
  • Location: They are generally found in the seams of mattresses, cracks in furniture, skirting boards and under bedsprings. Female bed bugs lay their eggs in hard-to-reach places.
  • Number: A female can lay 5 to 7 eggs a day, with a total capacity of 200 to 500 eggs in her lifetime, which can quickly worsen an infestation.
oeufs et taches de punaises de lit

Bed bug moults

Molts are the exoskeletons left behind by bed bugs as they grow from nymphs to adults.

Like eggs, they are often found in bedbugs’ favourite hiding places, such as mattress seams, furniture crevices and dark corners.

What should you do if you find bed bug eggs or moults?

  1. Vacuum infested areas, paying particular attention to mattress seams and crevices.
  2. Use a high-temperaturesteam cleaner (at least 120°C) to kill the eggs.
  3. Sprinkle diatomaceous earth in strategic nooks and crannies to prevent the eggs from hatching.
  4. Follow up with a natural insecticide treatment such as Serenid spray.

SOS BEDBUGS SPRAY

24,90 €

  • Eliminates 100% of bed bugs (eggs, larvae, adults)
  • Immediate, safe and long-lasting protection
  • Over 50,000 satisfied Sereni-d® customers

The smell of bed bugs

One of the often overlooked but telling signs of a bed bug infestation is the distinctive odour they can give off.

In the event of an advanced infestation, the smell becomes stronger due to the large number of bedbugs present and the accumulation of their faeces and excrement.

This odour is generally concentrated in areas where they hide, such as

  • The seams of mattresses and pillows
  • Cracks and nooks in furniture or walls
  • Skirting boards and carpets near beds
  • Box springs or headboards
Détection canine
Détection canine

Confirming the presence of bed bugs with dog detection

Dog detection is an effective and increasingly popular method of confirming the presence of bed bugs. Thanks to their exceptional sense of smell, trained dogs are able to spot bedbugs, even when they are hiding in hard-to-reach places.

Unlike a manual inspection, which can be long and tedious, a detection dog can inspect a room in just a few minutes. What’s more, dogs can target infested areas precisely, reducing the need for widespread, often costly, treatment.

Once the bedbugs have been located, the professional will propose a suitable treatment plan.

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Bed bugs in Airbnb: solutions for travellers and hosts

With the explosion in tourism and travel, cases of bed bug infestation are becoming increasingly common in holiday lets. Airbnb accommodation is particularly affected, leaving travellers and owners often powerless to deal with the problem. What are the right things to do? Is it possible to get a refund? Who should pay for treatment? Here’s a practical guide to the subject of bed bugs in Airbnb accommodation.

How do you know if there are bed bugs in an Airbnb?

Before unpacking your bags and enjoying your Airbnb, it’s a good idea to check whether or not the accommodation is infested with bed bugs. Prevention is better than cure! Although these pests are often difficult to spot at first sight, they do leave some characteristic clues.

Here are the steps to follow to detect their presence:

1. Inspect the bed and bedding

Carefully examine the mattress, sheets, pillows and seams of the bed base. Look for traces of blood, black spots (droppings), whitish eggs or dead skin. Don’t forget to check the headboard and footboards.


2. Check the nooks and crannies

Bed bugs love to hide in cracks, skirting boards or furniture close to the bed. Use your phone’s torch to get a better look.

3. Detect an unusual smell

In the event of a major infestation, bed bugs give off a slightly sweet or musty smell due to their pheromones.


4. Keep an eye on your bites

If you notice bites grouped in rows or clusters on exposed areas of skin during the night, bed bugs are very likely to be present. These bites often cause intense itching.


What to do in the event of an infestation

Discovering bed bugs in an Airbnb can be very stressful. Don’t panic, here’s what you need to do to limit the damage.

Report the problem immediately

Contact your host and Airbnb customer service as soon as you suspect the presence of bed bugs. Take photos of any visible marks (black spots, bedbugs, eggs) and bites on your skin to support your report. Transparency is essential to avoid other travellers being affected as well.

Contact Airbnb user support

The Airbnb platform offers assistance for travellers.

Good to know: every booking on Airbnb includes AirCover protection, which means that in the event of a serious problem, you will be offered similar accommodation, subject to availability and at a comparable price.

Don’t move your luggage

Avoid placing your luggage on the floor, bed or surfaces close to infested areas. Place it on a metal support, such as a luggage rack, or in the bathroom, where bedbugs have fewer hiding places. In any case, up high! And lock your luggage at night.

Protect your personal belongings

Put your clothes and personal belongings in airtight plastic bags to keep bedbugs out. If you have any doubts, wash your clothes (worn or not) immediately at a minimum temperature of 60°C or freeze them at -18°C for at least 48 hours.

Inspect and clean your luggage

Before leaving your home, thoroughly inspect your suitcases and bags. Use a hoover to remove any eggs or bedbugs. Empty the contents of the hoover into an airtight bag and dispose of it outside.

Avoid carrying bedbugs home

When you return, take precautions to avoid contaminating your home. Unpack your luggage outside or in a tiled room that’s easy to clean, or even in your bathtub. Put your clothes in a tumble dryer at high temperature or use a steam cleaner on your luggage and textiles.

Don’t sleep in another bed in your home

Changing beds or rooms can worsen the infestation by dispersing bed bugs throughout the accommodation. It’s best to stay in the infested room until the host takes action.

Request a change of accommodation

If the infestation is confirmed and the host cannot resolve the problem immediately, ask to be rehoused.

➡️ Also worth reading: Bed bugs in hotels

Precautions to take when travelling

To avoid bringing bed bugs home with you after a stay in an Airbnb or other accommodation, here are the preventive measures to take before, during and after your trip.

Before you arrive

  • Check the latest notices
  • Prepare your bedbug repellent kit: Take along airtight plastic bags, a natural repellent spray (such as pyrethrum-based sprays), a repellent leaflet and, if necessary, adhesive traps.
Format avion

SHIELD Bed bug repellent treatment

21,90 €

  • Preventive spray against bed bugs
  • Preventive bed bug repellent
  • Safe, long-lasting protection
  • Over 250,000 satisfied Sereni-d® customers .

During your stay

  • Avoid placing your luggage on the bed or floor
  • Inspect bedding and furniture
  • Store your belongings in airtight bags
  • Use bed bug repellents

Before going home

  • Wash your clothes at a high temperature: Run your clothes at 60°C minimum or tumble dry to kill any bedbugs or eggs.
  • Inspect your luggage: Check the seams, folds and pockets to make sure no bedbugs have infiltrated. Vacuum your luggage and empty the bag into an outside bin.
  • Put your luggage in the freezer if necessary: If you have any doubts, leave your luggage in a freezer at -18°C for 48 hours to eliminate any parasites.


Once you’re home

  • Unpack your suitcases outside
  • Never put your luggage on or near your bed
  • Use a steam cleaner: steam dry your luggage, textiles or other objects to disinfect them completely.

Bed bugs in an Airbnb: can you claim a refund?

Refunding your stay

Here’s how to proceed:

  • Report the problem immediately within 72 hours of discovering it.

You can contact Airbnb user support by email, online chat or by phone on +33 1 84 88 40 00.

  • Provide proof: photos or videos.

Good to know: In principle, the owner is obliged to provide pest-free accommodation. In the event of a proven infestation, payment will therefore be cancelled in full or in part.

Reimbursement of medical expenses

Medical consultations, antihistamines or antiseptic ointments – bed bug bites can cost money. Here again, travellers can request reimbursement of these costs.

Airbnb owners: what to do if your accommodation is infested by bed bugs

The use of Airbnb accommodation by French and foreign travellers automatically increases the risk of contamination. It should be remembered that the presence of these pests is in no way linked to a lack of hygiene.

➡️ For further information: The complete protocol against bed bugs.

Here’s what landlords should do if they find bed bugs in their Airbnb rental property.

Schedule a specialist response

Airbnb can help you coordinate the services of a company specialising in bed bug treatment. Dog detection is also a very effective method.

The professional who carries out the inspection in your Airbnb property must provide you with a detailed report following the inspection.

Carry out appropriate treatment

In the event of an advanced infestation, chemical treatment against bed bugs is necessary.

We recommend that you use a service provider with Certibiocide accreditation (certifying that technicians are properly trained to handle powerful insecticides). To avoid fraudulent intervention, here is a map of approved professionals.

Does home insurance cover bed bug treatment?

The extent to which home insurance covers bed bug treatment varies from policy to policy and from company to company. Generally speaking, standard home insurance policies do not cover the cost of eradicating pests, including bed bugs, as these operations are considered to be part of routine home maintenance.

You should therefore check the clauses of your home insurance policy and contact your insurer to find out whether such cover is included or can be added.

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Bed bugs: causes and risk factors of infestation

Pourquoi les punaises de lit se cachent dans le matelas ?

The arrival of bed bugs in a home is often associated with a lack of hygiene. This is simply not true! Where do these pests really come from? What are the risk factors for infestation? And what are the best practices for preventing them? Find out in this article.

What causes an infestation?

Cause n°1 : Someone brings bed bugs into your home

This is one of the most common causes of infestation. It can happen when a guest, relative or even a professional, such as a mover or technician, visits your home after having been in contact with infested premises. Bed bugs can hide in clothes, shoes, bags or suitcases without the person concerned noticing. When it’s quiet, they come out to hide in furniture, skirting boards and other hiding places. 

  • When receiving visitors, ask them to deposit their luggage in a tiled area (avoid the bedroom or living room) and visually inspect their belongings, especially if they have just returned from a trip.
  • If in doubt, isolate their clothes and suitcases in an airtight plastic bag or other closed container. Tell them to wash their belongings at 60°C.
Les différences entre les piqûres de punaises de lit et d'autres insectes piqueurs (moustiques et araignées)

Cause n°2 : Moving into an infested apartment or building

It’s quite possible to move into a dwelling already infested by these pests, either because previous tenants didn’t deal with the problem, or because bed bugs have spread from a neighboring apartment.

These pests can travel through walls, air ducts, cracks or baseboards, infesting several units in the same building.

By bringing your furniture and belongings into an infested apartment, you run the risk of contaminating your personal possessions. Bed bugs can then hide in your bedding, clothes or furniture, making the infestation even harder to eradicate.

  • Before you move in, ask your landlord or real estate agent about the history of bed bugs in your home. Don’t hesitate to ask about previous infestations and treatments.
  • During the visit, carefully inspect the rooms, especially the bedrooms, for signs of infestation such as black spots on baseboards, mattresses or walls.
  • In some cases, the presence of bed bugs may be hidden by the sellers. If you have any doubts, you can call in a dog detection professional. It’s an effective method.

Cause no. 3: Increased travel 

In 2023, there were 448 million overnight stays booked on Airbnb worldwide (source) and 1,049 million on Booking.com (source).

Travel is one of the main causes of the spread of bed bugs. Whether you’re staying in a hotel, renting a vacation property, or traveling on business, bed bugs can easily hide in your luggage and clothing. Hotel rooms, especially busy ones, are often hot spots for these insects.

The rise in international travel in recent years has also contributed to the resurgence of bed bugs, as they are often transported from one country to another, regardless of climate or season.

And beware of huts when hiking!

  • When staying in a hotel or rental, inspect bedding and furniture for signs of bed bugs (black spots, bloodstains, or small insects).
  • If in doubt, you can use our bed bug repellent Shield Spray as a preventive measure.
  • Keep your luggage on a raised support rather than on the floor or bed, and avoid storing your clothes in drawers.
  • When you return, wash your clothes at high temperature (60°C minimum) and vacuum your luggage.
Seconde-main: attention aux punaises de lit

Cause n°4 : Buying second-hand items

Leboncoin, Vinted, etc. – second-hand furniture is very popular with consumers.

However, buying second-hand furniture or objects is a risk factor for bed bugs infestation. Bed bugs can easily hide undetected in mattress seams, sofa nooks and crannies, furniture drawers or even second-hand textiles.

Unfortunately, items offered on online sites, at garage sales, flea markets or second-hand markets are rarely inspected before sale.

  • Inspect carefully before buying second-hand;
  • Check the seams of mattresses and sofas, and the crevices of wooden furniture for signs of infestation (black spots, small dead skins or insects).
  • If in doubt, steam furniture at high temperature and wash textiles at 60°C before bringing them into your home;
  • Avoid picking up items left on the sidewalk, even if they appear to be in good condition.

Cause n°5 : Public transport

Buses, trains and subways are another means by which bed bugs can spread rapidly. These insects hide in upholstered seats, cracks in carriages or buses, and can pass from one passenger to another, attaching themselves to clothing or bags.

A recent example of the psychosis surrounding bed bugs occurred in the run-up to the Paris Olympics in 2024. The media reported testimonies from metro and train passengers claiming to have seen bed bugs on Parisian public transport. This concern created a real panic, prompting many people to avoid certain journeys or take precautionary measures, such as not sitting in the carriages.

  • Try to limit direct contact with seats and textile surfaces, especially if you notice signs of infestation (black spots or visible insects).
  • Use SHIELD Bed Bug Repellent by applying it to areas of contact with seats and luggage.
  • After a journey, inspect your clothes and bags to make sure no bedbugs have latched onto them.
  • Wash your clothes at high temperature and vacuum your luggage to avoid introducing these insects into your home.
Infestation de punaises de lit
siéges d'une salle de cinéma

Cause n°6 : Infested public places

Bed bugs can spread easily in busy public places, such as cinemas, libraries, waiting rooms or even offices. In these places, bedbugs find ideal hiding places in upholstered seats, carpets or even cracks in furniture. They generally feed at night, but can also bite in the middle of the day in dark places such as cinemas or theaters. Clinging to visitors’ clothes or bags, they can be transported elsewhere, causing new infestations.

Public institutions such as hospitals, schools and nursing homes can also be high-risk areas. An infestation in such places can have serious consequences, as it can spread rapidly to large numbers of people.

  • Avoid placing your belongings directly on seats or on the floor.
  • If you’re visiting crowded places like cinemas or libraries, inspect your clothes and bags as you leave to make sure no bedbugs have latched onto them.
  • Use a bed bug repellent spray.
  • Wash your clothes at high temperatures after frequenting high-risk public places.

Cause n°7 : The use of inappropriate insecticide products

Some commercially available insecticides, often used by non-expert homeowners, are not specifically designed for bed bugs. This is the case, for example, with methylated spirits.

These products can sometimes repel bedbugs without actually killing them, causing them to hide even deeper in the nooks and crannies of your home. Eradication is then even more complicated. In addition to being ineffective, some products, such as Sniper 1000 EC, can be very harmful to your health.

Incorrect or abusive use of these products can make bed bugs even more resistant to certain types of chemical treatment.

  • Use safe, effective products like our Sereni d range, which has been awarded the Certibiocide Nuisibles and Certipunaise labels.
  • In the event of an advanced infestation, call in a professional pest control technician, who will use certified and appropriate products. You can use this official website to find a certified expert near you.
spray insecticide

Cause no. 8: Human errors that spread the infestation

Ignorance of the subject often leads us to make several mistakes that contribute to worsening infestations.

These include

  • Recovering objects left outside.
  • Shamefully failing to report an infestation;
  • Moving house without saying anything;
  • Throwing away infested furniture or mattresses without due care;
  • Recovering objects left outside.

Cause 9: Insufficient response from public authorities

In the 1950s, France managed to get rid of bed bugs thanks to the use of pesticides such as DDT. DDT is now banned, as it is considered hazardous to health. Since then, proliferation has resumed, notably due to international travel.

The French government and the Social Security system have now set up comprehensive information systems on bed bugs. A “Certibiocide” certificate has also been created to professionalize the industry. It’s mainly at town hall level that work remains to be done. Paris, Marseille, etc. – some communes seem to be out of their depth, with many public and private households infested.

mairie de marseille

Where do bed bugs come from?

Origin of Cimex Lectularius

Bed bugs, or Cimex lectularius, are hematophagous insects that feed exclusively on blood, mainly that of humans. Although their arrival is difficult to date, their presence dates back to prehistoric times, when these pests lived in caves, feeding on the blood of bats before adapting to humans as they began to occupy the caves.

Bed bugs in the world today

Bed bugs are now a global problem, affecting both developed and developing countries. The United States, Canada, England, Belgium, etc. are all affected.

According to experts, frequent travel is the main cause of the problem.

Control methods are evolving, with chemical, thermal and mechanical treatments, but prevention remains the best weapon against their spread.